Objectives: The world around us is analog at least at the macroscopic level. Even if nowadays the digital computing capabilities are growing rapidly, analog circuits are still required to create a « bridge » between the analog world and digital processing. Our objective is to give you an overview of analog front-end integrated circuits which are used in between the sensor and the analog-to-digital converter.
Program : analog front-end circuit overview: transimpedance, charge amplifier, chopping techniques, image sensor readout circuits.

Bibliography : Design of Integrated Circuits for optical Communications, Bezhad Razavi.
Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, Bezhad Razavi

 Professor: Olivier BERNAL

Lectures: 6h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: Knowledge and use of Cadence Design Systems, Inc as an electronic design automation software; especially the Virtuoso Platform - Tools for designing full-custom integrated circuits, including schematic entry, circuit simulation, full custom layout, physical verification, extraction and back-annotation. Virtuoso XL(TM) , the Cadence's intelligent layout editor will be used to optimize design flow.

 Program: A two-stage operational amplifier is designed in a 0.35um CMOS process : (1) schematic , (2)  electrical simulations,  (3) layout (DRC and LVS), (4) parasitic extraction, (5) post layout simulations.

Professor: Hélène TAP-BETEILLE, Olivier BERNAL

Practical sessions: 16h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: Understand microelectronic technology fundamentals; know the components realization main steps and various equipments. CMOS technology will be particularly detailed.

Program: Silicon crystal growth, wafer preparation, epitaxy, oxidation, lithography, reactive plasma etching, film deposition, diffusion, ion implantation and metallization.

Bibliography : VLSI Technology, ed. S. M. Sze. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2nd ed., 1988, ISBN 0-07-062735-5.

Professor: Hélène TAP-BETEILLE

Lectures: 10h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: Knowledge and use of Silvaco as a TCAD process and device simulation software.  ATHENA is a group of process simulation products that enables to develop and optimize semiconductor manufacturing processes. ATHENA provides a platform for simulating ion implantation, diffusion, etching, deposition, lithography, oxidation, and silicidation of semiconductor materials. ATLAS is a group of device simulation products enables to simulate the electrical, optical, and thermal behavior of semiconductor devices. It provides a physics-based, modular, and extensible platform to analyze DC, AC, and time domain responses for all semiconductor based technologies in 2 and 3 dimensions.

Program: Athena and Atlas are used to simulate a NMOS process and electrical simulations associated.

Bibliography : VLSI Technology, ed. S. M. Sze. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2nd ed., 1988, ISBN 0-07-062735-5

Professor: Hélène TAP-BETEILLE

Laboratory sessions: 8h

ECTS : 0.5

Objectives:  the purpose of this lecture is to present and analyse the main basic cells found in analog Integrated Circuits, especially CMOS.

Program:

• Models for IC active devices
• Biasing circuits, current sources
• Active loads
• Source (or emitter)-coupled pairs in differential amplifiers
• Reference voltages
• Operational amplifiers analysis
• Series voltage regulators

Bibliography : R.L. Geiger, P.E. Allen, N.R. Strader - "VLSI Design Techniques For Analog and Digital Circuits" - McGraw-Hill, New York - 1990 - 969p- -ISBN 0-07-023253-9

P.R. Gray, R.G. Meyer - "Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits" - 3th Edition - J. Wiley, New York - 1993 - 792p - ISBN 0-471-57495-3

Professor: Philippe AYZAC

Lectures: 14h, tutorial: 8h

ECTS : 2

Objectives: From a circuit specification, the main purpose of this project is to design and implement a linear regulator using a submicron CMOS technology. The circuit is composed of a band-gap circuit providing a stable voltage reference and an operational amplifier including a high current output stage.

Program: The project sessions are divided into three main parts:

1. Design at the transistor level the circuit using 1st order models of MOS transistors and using specific charts.
2. Perform the circuit validation using PSpice simulator: with typical parameters, for several temperatures, and finally for any case of process parameters. The influence of the dispersions is highlighted by Monte Carlo studies.
3. Draw the layout of the circuit using Cadence tools in respect with the basic rules of component matching.

Bibliography: R. Gregorian, G.C. Temes, “Analog MOS Integrates Circuits for Signal Processing” Wiley-Interscience

P.R. Gray, R.G. Meyer, “Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits”, Wiley

W. Sansen, “Advanced Anaolg IC Design Courses”, KU Leuven

K. Bult, “Transistor Level Analog IC Design Courses”, EPFL

Professor: Marc COUSINEAU

Laboratory sessions: 44h.

ECTS : 2.5

Objectives:  Initiation to VHDL. Knowledge and use  of FPGA development flow.

Program:

• Initiation to synthesizable VHDL.
• Presentation of the conception flow.
• ASIC technology Survey.
• Development and Implementation of design to FPGA

Bibliography : RMM (Reuse Methodology Manual) for System-on-a-chip designs, M.Keating, P.Bricaud, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998

Professor: Emmanuel Liegeon

Lectures, practical sessions: 20h

ECTS : 2

Objectives: Integration of real-time algorithms requires the use of structures adapted to the high speed calculation. This evolution of our arithmetics operators  leads to compromise between performance and power consumption in an embedded system problem. Students must know how to conceive a real time calculation algorithm.

Program: After presenting the methodology for the transition between algorithmic and hardware integration, this course illustrates the different structures of mathematical operators (addition and multiplication in particular) by pressing the compromise computation time and area used.

Bibliography : Computer Arithmetic and Verilog HDL Fundamentals Joseph Cavanagh.

Synthesis Of Arithmetic Circuits: FPGA, ASIC, And Embedded Systems, Gery Jean Antoine Bioul, Jean-Pierre Deschamps, Gustavo D. Sutter

Professor: Francis BONY

Lectures: 12h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: This lesson is about the principles of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions, and the associated linearity fundamentals. The architectures of these converters are browsed and their structures at the transistor level are studied.

Program: After addressing the basics of this type of conversion, the first part of the course introduces DACs:

• Parallel cases: voltage, current and charge transfer architectures,
• Serial cases : charge re-distribution and algorithmic architectures,

Then an inventory of sample and hold architectures is exposed.

Finally, the last part of the course presents the ADCs:

• Using slope approach (two cases),
• With successive approximation architecture,
• And with parallel architectures (flash, pipeline, etc…).

Bibliography: D.F. Hoeschele, “Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion Techniques”

R.J. van de Plassche , “CMOS Integrated Analog-to- Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters”

M.E. Waltari, K.A.I. Halonen, “Circuit Technique for Low-Voltage and High-Speed A/D Converters”

Professor: Marc COUSINEAU

Lectures: 10h + 8h tutorial.

ECTS : 2

Objectives:  Knowledge and use  of FPGA and ASIC development flow.

Understanding of Digital filtering architecture. Digital Filtering and FFT implementation.

Use Test Board to finalize validation.

• Presentation of digital filtering architecture.
• Analysis of signal processing architecture.
• FIR Presentation and VHDL coding.
• Initiation to Digital Architecture Synthesis (C to VHDL)
• Development of Signal Processing algorithm.

• C code to VDHL
• Functional Validation
• Logic Synthesis (FPGA) + Layout (Xilinx)
• Test Board to perform validation through RS232 link to computer.
• Logic Synthesis (ASIC) + Layout. Formal Proof.

Bibliography : RMM (Reuse Methodology Manual) for System-on-a-chip designs, M.Keating, P.Bricaud, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998

Professor: Emmanuel Liégeon

Practical sessions: 64h

ECTS : 3

Objectives: Knowledge and use of VHDL-AMS as a hardware description language to define the behavior of analog and mixed-signal systems. It provides both continuous-time and event-driven modeling semantics. There is to learn to create and use modules that encapsulate high-level behavioral descriptions as well as structural descriptions of systems and components.

Program: Behavioral modeling of a phase-shift laser rangefinder using Mentor Graphics Advance MS CAD software.

Bibliography : The system designer's guide to VHDL-AMS: analog, mixed-signal, and mixed-technology modeling, Peter J. Ashenden, Gregory D. Peterson, Darrell A. Teegarden, Morgan Kaufmann Ed., 2003, ISBN 1558607498, 9781558607491.

Professor: Hélène TAP-BETEILLE

Lectures: 2h, laboratory sessions: 12h.

ECTS : 1

Objectives: How to implement real time algorithms of signal processing (or image processing) on a fixed point DSP which represents 90% of the market (10% for floating-point DSP).

Program: The developed project will be for example dedicated to movement detection in images acquired through a camera.

Professor: Richard Salvetat

Lectures: 6h, practical sessions on Blackfin AD_BF533: 8h.

ECTS : 1

At the end of this module, the student will have understood and be able to explain (main concepts) main subsystems as follow:

• Energy Management: architectures converters (DC-DC, LDO, Band-Gap ...), storage and charging architectures (Lipo, Li-ion ...)
• Interfacing: between logic levels (strong currents, voltage levels,         EMC, thermal protection, ...); between the microcontroller and peripherals based on the waveform of the current with power actuators (smart MOS)
• Communication: protocols: I2C, SPI, CAN, OneWire; RF protocols: XBee, 868MHz, 433MHz RFID
• On board mixed architectures : reconfigurable digital and analog architectures (FPAA)
• Display: screens / touchscreens

The student will be able to devise from specifications all the subsystems architectures and choose components to assume a design complies with the specifications (battery and electronics management, connection of selected cards and constraints for microcontrollers programming). The theoretical knowledge will be directly transcribed inside the training lab below.

 Professor: Christophe Escriba

Lectures: 12h.

ECTS : 1

 Objectives: Because the constraints of an embedded system are often related to the application, a mobile application in relationship with Internet Of Things (IoT) thematic is done through the design of an autonomous mobile robot type craboïde, able to move and communicate with others robots.

Professor: Christophe Escriba

Practical sessions: 18h, tutorials: 8h.

ECTS : 2

 Objectives: This teaching approach, voluntary oriented industrial, allows devising a complete SiP flow design and fabrication based on electronics integration. Lectures will present MEMS technologies and process integration techniques and PCB integration constraints to assume reliability assembling and conformity with industrial international standards certification.

Professor: Jean-Yves Fourniols

Lectures: 6h.

ECTS : 0.5

 Objectives: The SIP project is based on:

a prototype electronic board assembled on a line classe4 Industrial SMD

SoP prototype, produced in a clean room for micro-electronic chip part and then assembled as an MCM (hybrid indirect) consisting of mixed SMD/chips carried and connected on different substrates (ceramic, epoxy FR4, flex).

Professor: Jean-Yves Fourniols

Lectures: 4h, practical sessions: 37h, tutorials: 6h.

ECTS : 2.5

Objectives: this lecture is an overview of laser sensing techniques for metrology.

Program: Free-space laser and optical fiber remote sensing techniques are introduced for measuring physical parameters (distance, displacement, velocity). Correlated measurement of parameters such like strain / stress and vibrations in mechatronics or flow in micro-fluidics will also be presented.  The domain of applications is wide from inspection of industrial processes and products (mechanics, chemical engineering...), aerospace and terrestrial transportation (non destructive testing, safety), and quality of life (biomedical, sustainable development, geoscience...).

Bibliography:   T. Bosch & M. Lescure, Selected Papers on Laser Distance Measurements, SPIE ed. Milestone MS 115, 1995, ISBN-10: 0819420107

S. Donati: "Electro-Optical Instrumentation - Sensing and Measuring with Lasers", 2008, Prentice Hall, USA, ISBN 013 0161610-9.

Professor: Thierry BOSCH, Han Cheng SEAT

Lectures: 16h.

ECTS : 1

Objectives: optical links calculation, optical components selection, signals distribution.

Program: Design of an optical link between:

•  an embedded optical link for the local oscillator (LO) distribution (LO frequency: 10 GHZ, SNR: 30, range: 100 m).
• a short range digital link for Ethernet applications (range : 10km, Bandwidth : 100MB/s, BER=10-11)
• a remote command system (range: 12 m, SNR: 10, directivity: 120°, bandwidth 40 kHz).

Bibliography:   Fiber-optic Communication Systems, Agrawal Govind P,  ISBN-10: 9780470505113, 2010, John Wiley, Edition: 4th

Professor: Hélène TAP-BETEILLE, Julien PERCHOUX, Han-Cheng SEAT

Laboratory sessions: 16h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: The main goal of this lesson is to present the principles of lossless energy transfer of SMPS and the principles of their regulation. The linearization method of these systems is shown in order to provide accurate small-signal transfer functions. Finally an overview of compensation methods for several types of converters is provided. Cases of feedback loops using voltage sensor, current peak detection, or average current sensor are studied.

Program: The course is divided into 5 chapters:

• Chap. 1: Introduction to Buck / Boost converters.
• Chap. 2: Stability study of DC-DC Converters.
• Chap. 3: Buck / Boost Equations - Advanced study.
• Chap. 4: Isolated DC-DC converters.
• Chap. 5: Tutorial using PSpice simulator.

Bibliography: D.M. Mitchell, “DC-DC Switching Regulator Analysis”, McGraw-Hill Companies.

Enseignants ENSEEIHT Génie Electrique, “Méthodes d’Étude des Convertisseurs Statiques”, Mentor Sciences.

Enseignants ENSEEIHT Génie Electrique, “La Conversion Continu-Continu”, Mentor Sciences.

Unitrode Application Notes U-97, U-93, U-111, U-140, DN-62.

Professor: Marc COUSINEAU

Lectures: 6h + 8h tutorial.

ECTS : 1

Objectives: The purpose of this course is to describe the fundamentals “at the transistor level” of power switch driver design.

Program: Main points are:

• Understand the issues associated with the circuit design dedicated to control the power transistor switching,
• Define the properties of the power component “shown from its gate”,
• Deduce the achieved switching times with the current supplied by the driver,
• Learn the design of the circuits dedicated to achieve high voltages to control the power switch gate,
• Explain problems due to large variations in voltage and current waveforms during switching,
• Address the concepts of "synchronous rectification" and "dead time".
• Finally, show an overview of efficiency of the switching cell including its proximity electronics.

Professor: Marc COUSINEAU

Lectures: 6h.

ECTS : 0.5

Objectives: This lesson is about the high compactness requirements of passive transformers and about the new available technological solutions.  Two different kind of passive electrical conversions are presented: the planar electromagnetic transformers and the piezoelectric transformers.

Program:

• principle and advantages of passive electrical conversion in view of integration for compact and embedded systems.
• electromagnetic transformers: reminder on physical properties
• presentation of planar technology and specific restrictions
• Introduction of piezoelectricity (analytical modeling in pseudo steady state and dynamic behaviors)
• definition of electrical equivalent circuits of piezoelectric transformers.
• Presentation of piezoelectric transformers structures and specific restrictions.

Professor: François Pigache

Lectures: 6h.

ECTS : 0.5

Objectives: Interference existing in an electronic circuit are of two kinds: intrinsic noise from the components themselves and extrinsic noise produced by electromagnetic fields existing inside and offside of the system. This course presents both fundamental physical aspects and the associated techniques of noise reduction to design a high sensitive electronic system.

Bibliography:   H.W. Ott, Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems, 2d edition, J.Wiley, N.Y. 1988, 426p - A. Charoy, Parasites et Perturbations des Electroniques, Dunod, Paris, 1992 - P. Degauque et J. Hamelin, Compatibilité Electromagnétique, Bruits et Perturbations Radioélectriques, Dunod-Bordas, Paris, 1990, 655p - C.S. Walker, Capacitance , Inductance , and Crosstalk Analysis, Artech House, Boston, 1990, 227p - H.B. Bakoglu, Circuits, interconnexions and packaging for VLSI, Addison-Wesley, 1990

Professor: Francis Bony

Lectures: 16h

ECTS : 1

Objectives: The course on electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of integrated circuits (IC) includes a general overview of IC technology evolution and its consequences on EMC, the mechanisms for EM interference, the standard measurement methods at IC level, the modeling of emission and immunity of integrated circuits, as well as design guidelines for improved EMC. The course is illustrated by practical trainings using IC-EMC freeware (www.ic-emc.org).

This course has been awarded "distinguished lecture" by the IEEE EMC society and is "Quality labeled course" by EuroTraining.

Bibliography:  

• www.ic-emc.org
• S. Bendhia, M. Ramdani, E. Sicard “Electromagnetic Compatibility of Integrated Circuits”, Springer, 2006, ISBN 0-387-26600-3
• M. Ramdani, E. Sicard, A. Boyer, S. Ben Dhia, J. J. Whalen, T. Hubing, M. Coenen, O. Wada, "The Electromagnetic Compatibility of Integrated Circuits - Past, Present and Future", IEEE Transaction on EMC, Vol. 51, N°1, pp 78-100, February 2009
• E. Sicard, A. Boyer IC-EMC v2.0 User's Manual, "Generation Austin", June 2009, ISBN 978-2-87649-056-7

Professor: Etienne Sicard, Alexandre Boyer

Lectures: 12h

ECTS : 1